Twisting device



y 1956 F. VON SCHMOLLER ET AL 2,753,679

TWISTING DEVICE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 26, 1952 July 10, 1956 F VONS H L'LER ETAL 2,753,679

TWISTING DEVICE Filed Aug. 26, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 dvmvfiw F1913 mm? MM w am m gmwfmm United States Patent TWISTIN G DEVICE Fritz vonSchmoller and Nikolaus Winter, Augsburg, Germany Application August 26,1952, Serial No. 306,332

Claims priority, application Germany August 31, 1951 19 Claims. 01.57-115 .This invention relates to certain improvements in or relating tofliers for flier frames.

It is an object of the invention to provide simple and reliable meansfor increasing the percentage of the total twist'inserted between theroller nip and the flier top. Another object of the invention is toprovide means of the type refer-red to by which vertical pulsations ofthe roving are substantially avoided and the occurrence of fly issubstantially reduced.

A special object of the invention is to reduce the end breakage rate andto avoid faulty draft.

A still further object of the invention is to consolidate the roving soas to enable a greater lengh to be wound on the bobbin.

Still another object of the invention is to increase the tensilestrength .of the roving so that a constant and relatively high tensionin the rope can be applied without causing faulty drafts in the rovingbetween the nip of the front rollers and the top of the flier.

A'still further object of the invention is to provide aconstruction'permitting existing flier frames to be easily convertedwith low cost for application of the method and means according to thepresent invention.

With these and further objects in View, according to the presentinvention the wall of the central aperture provided in the rotary top ofthe flier or in an attachment set over the .top has re-entrant corners.adapted to engage the". roving, said corners and the upper. edge ofsaid wall fb'eing rounded. The term re-entrant corners in thisconnection refers to receding corners like 'those of the interior of apolygon as distinguished from projecting corners like the exterior of apolygon; Preferably, the end face of the top bore is of plane s'lrapewhereby a quiet run of the roving is ensured.

In the practice of the invention, the upper end of the top bore ispreferably of a substantially polygonal, more particularly square, shapewith rounded edges and corners of the wall surrounding the polygonalbore. It has been found that the radius of the curvature of the'roundedcorners should be of .the order of half the diameter of thefiroving,:more particularly, somewhat smaller.

According to a special feature of the invention,..the top bore whilebeing round in its lower part is enlarged at its npper end in the formof .a polygonal, more particularly square-shaped, funnel.

The sides and/or the corners of the polygon, more particularly, of thesquare, may be formed with grooveshaped recesses which are preferablyconically tapered in .a downward direction. The sides of the polygon maybe inwardly bulged in a convex form. V

In some instances, it may be advantageous to arrange several polygonalsteps in superposition in the top bore, in the form of stages, and thevarious .steps may have like .or different polygonal shapes (e. g.,lower stage square, upper stage hexagonal shape, or vice versa'),

It has been found that the optimum effect of insertion of twist in theroving between the nip of the front roller and the top bore is obtainedif a definite ratio exists 1 H between the average number of fibres inthe roving and the cross section of the polygon. ,In most practicalinstances, for best results the cross section of the polygon in squaremillimeters should not difler by more than plus or minus twenty percentfrom the figure obtainedby multiplying the average number of fibres inthe roving by 0.05.

The polygonal or other recesses may be provided in the top bore of theflier head itself, but preferably an additional attachment in the formof a cap is'secured on the top of the flier, which cap may be moulded,i. e., pressed or injection-moulded, from synthetic material, forinstance, phenol formaldehyde condensation products, polystyrol,polystyrene, urea condensation products and the like, and detachabl-ysecured on the top of the flier. In this way, existing fliers may beadapted'to the new system without any machining or filing being requiredon the fliers. For instance, an elastic tube or hose member may beprovided which can be slipped over the top of the Him and engages a neckportion of the cap, or the cap may be provided with a downwardlyextending rim or with downwardly extending lugs adapted to be slippedover the top of the flier and to be secured thereon by spring action, bya spring ring, by threadable engagement, and/or byan adhesive.

It has been found that by the twisting device according to the presentinvention a substantial increase of the twist inserted into the rovingbetween the nip of the front rollers and the top of the flier can beachieved. The actual twist attainable depends on the raw material, thecount of yarn and the calculated twist. A detrimental vertical pulsationof the roving causing fly and end breakages issubstantially preventedsincethe radial recesses and projections, more particularly, the cornersof the polygon, cause only a lateral deflection of the roving. Generallya diameter of the polygon of the order of the normal diameter .of thetop bore of the flier is to be preferred. Also the radius of thecurvature of the corners of the polygon influences the attainable twist.The twist is reducedbya curvature having too large a radius, whereas toosmall a radius has a detrimental effect upon the roving.

It is not intended to give an exhaustive explanation as to the favorableeffect of the device according to the invention, but obviously the twistis inserted into the roving in such a way that the thread, or theroving, is held in the respective corner of the polygon and taken alonguntil the lateral deflection from the normal direction of running-in hasbecome so large that the roving springs back into the succeeding .cornerof thepolygon. Now the roving is taken along by this corner, springsback again and this cycle of motions is repeated in. rapid succession.Obviouslythis process .is the more effective, the faster the cornersof-the polygon succeed each other. On the other hand, with increasingnumber of corners of the polygon the angle formed by the sides of thepolygon is increasing .and so the gripping and condensing effect of thepolygon corneris decreasing. This con densing effect in addition to theincreased twist obviously likewise playskan important part in regard tothe improvement of the spinning process. The roving which is drawndownwards in the corners of the polygon is simultaneously consolidatedand condensed. If desired, the angle formed between the sides of thepolygon maybe made more acute by inward bulging of the sides .of thepolygon. I

The reduction of end breakage rate achieved by the device according tothe present invention obviously is due to the ,fact that the part of theroving betweenthe nip of the front rollers and the top of theflier whichis particularly liable to end breakage is given an'increased strength bythein'creased twist in said part of the roving.

It is particularly important that the increased twist is also insertedinto and advanced to the part of the roving which is still in contactwith the fluted roller. If the twist in the said part of the roving isincreased to such an extent that the non-twisted part of the rovingextending from the nip of the front rollers over the fluted roller inthe form of a part of the arc of contact between roving and flutedroller is reduced to a length which is substantially shorter than thelength of staple, it is ensured that the tensile strain of the rovingfrom the nip to the part of the roving which is already consolidated bytwisting, is transmitted through noninterrupted fibres, i. e., that thenon-twisted part of the roving is practically relieved of the tension.Thus a reliable definition is obtained for choosing optimum twistingconditions for each length of staple and to avoid faulty drafts.

The device according to the invention provides the possibility,moreover, of using a calculated twist which is lower than hitherto.Since the weakest part of the roving as above mentioned can bereinforced or bridged without strain, it is not necessary to make thecalculated twist in the thread on the bobbin very high since thecalculated twist or even an excess twist is now actually present in thewhole length of the roving from the front rollers to the bobbin, with arelatively small degree of irregularity. In fact by using the deviceaccording to the invention, more particularly in case of cotton, anexcess twist is inserted in the part of the roving between the nip ofthe front rollers and the top of the flier, of the order of 20 to 40percent over the calculated twist, with a subsequent uniformire-dissolution to the calculated twist. Contrary to expectations thistemporary excess twist proved to be very advantageous. In this mannerthe twist can be advanced still further to the nip of the front rollersthan in case of reaching the calculated twist.

Other and further objects, features and advantages of the invention willbe pointed out hereinafter and appear in the appended claims formingpart of the application.

In the accompanying drawings several now preferred embodiments of theinvention are shown by way of illustration and not by way of limitation.

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view showing the general arrangement of theflier,

Fig. 2 is an axial section of one embodiment of the attachment, drawn ontwice the natural scale,

Fig. 3 is a top plan view thereof,

Figs. 4 and 5 are top plan views showing further modifications,

Figs. 6 to 9 are axial sections of still further modifications,

Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig.

10 is a top plan view of Fig. 9,

11 is an axial section of a still further modification, 12 is a top planview thereof,

13 is an axial section of a still further modification,

Fig. 14 is a top plan view thereof,

Fig. 15 is an axial section of another embodiment, and

Fig. 16 is a top plan view thereof.

Similar reference numerals denote similar parts in the different views.

Referring now to the drawings in greater detail, and first to Fig. 1, itwill be seen that the rove 1, or 1', passes from the front roller 2 andthe fluted roller 3'into the top opening of the flier 5 of the frontline, or into the top opening 4' of the rear line flier 5*,respectively, and outward through the opening 6, or 6. As shown in Figs.2 and 3, the top opening 4, or 4, is provided with a twisting attachmentin the form of a cap 7, or 7, which is moulded from synthetic material,e. g., phenol formaldehyde condensation products, and connected to theflier top 5 by a hose or tube member 8. To this end the tube 8 isslipped over a conical neck portion 9 of the attachment 7, while thelower part of the tube 8 is slipped over the flyer top 5 which may beshaped in a normal manner and does not require any special preparationfor fixing the twisting attachment according to the present invention.The latter is provided in the manner shown especially in Fig. 3, with asquare opening 10 whose reentrant or receding corners are adapted to thediameter of the rove.

Fig. 1 also illustrates the requirements regarding the ratio between thelength of staple and the non-twisted length of rove behind the frontroller. The non-twisted length of rove is designated L1, and, as pointedout above, must be smaller than the length of staple L5 in order toensure a reliable transmission of the tensile stress at this pointwithout the danger of breakage of an end. By cinematographic exposures,it can be found out how far the twist is advanced in the directiontowards the front roller, and the shape of the thread guide or twistingattachment can be adapted accordingly to ensure a sufficient twist orexcess twist.

Fig. 4 shows an attachment having a hexagonal funnel, and Fig. 5 showsan attachment in which the grip hold are or are of contact between theroving and the corner of the polygon is enlarged by an inwardly convexshape of the sides.

By way of alternative, the cap 7 may be attached on the flier top 5 by aconical downwardly depending collar 11 which is secured to the slightlyconically tapered flier head 5 by an adhesive 12. According to Fig. 7the collar 11 is fastened on the head 5 by means of a spring ring 13engaging in internal and external grooves of the collar 11 and of thehead 5, respectively. Fig. 8 shows the cap 7 secured on head 5 bythreadable engagement of collar 11 and head 5, by a thread 14.

Figs. 9 and 10 show a modification in which the square bore 10 of theattachment 7 is surrounded by a circular upwardly projecting collar orring 16 whose height is adapted so that on the one hand the rove 1 isuniformly supported to prevent its pulsation and fly and on the otherhand optimum cooperation thereof with the corners of the square isensured. It is also possible to make the diameter of the projecting ring16 so large that a length of rove serving to quiet the rove is obtainedbetween the annular projection 16 and the square bore 10.

Figs. 11 and 12 show a two-stage polygon consisting of a lower squarehole 10' of smaller size and an upper square hole 10" of a larger sizearranged diagonally to the lower square hole.

Figs. 13 and 14 show a cap 7 provided with additional conical grooves 15in the sides of the square and Figs; 15 and 16 show a cap 7 providedwith conical corner grooves 17.

By way of example, good results have been obtained with the followingproportions regarding the cross section of the polygon:

These figures apply for cotton, with an average titre of 1.7 den. Itwill be seen from the foregoing that in case of slubbing andintermediate frames favorable results are obtained by multiplying thenumber of fibres in the cross section of the slubbing by 0.05 (in caseof a square-polygon). In case of staple fibre, with a length of stapleof 40 mms., about the same titre is obtained, i. e. 1.5 to 1.7 den. Withstaple fibres of a coarse titre, say 2.2 or 2.8 den., the polygonalattachment gives practically the same good results.

In case of roving frames, the factor of 0.05 is not always applicable,especially because for practical reasons the cross section of the squarewould become too small so that the threading of the rove would bediflicult.

In view of the small curliness of the synthetic fibres,

the invention will be particularly important for such manmade fibres.

While the invention has been described in detail with respect to certainnow preferred examples and embodiments of the invention it will beunderstood by those skilled in the art after understanding the inventionthat various changes and modifications may be made without departingfrom the spirit and scope of the invention'and it is intended,therefore, to cover all such changes and modifications in the appendedclaims.

We claim:

1. A twisting device for fliers in which a roving enters into the top ofthe flier in an inclined direction, said twisting device comprising atwisting member coaxially arranged at the top of the flier for rotationtherewith and having a central aperture whose wall is formed with aplurality of spaced re-entrant corners adapted to engage the roving, thetwisting member being rounded at the edges and corners of the aperture.

2. A twisting device for fliers in which a roving enters into the top ofthe flier in an inclined direction, said twisting device comprising atwisting member coaxially arranged at the top of the flier for rotationtherewith and having a central aperture whose wall is formed with aplurality of symmetrically arranged re-entrant corners adapted to gripand to carry along the roving, the twisting member being rounded at theedges and corners of the aperture.

3. A twisting device for fliers in which a roving enters into the top ofthe flier in an inclined direction, said twisting device comprising atwisting member coaxially arranged at the top of the flier for rotationtherewith and having a plane top face and a central aperture whose wallis formed with a plurality of spaced re-entrant corners adapted toengage the roving, the twisting member being rounded at the edges andcorners of the aperture.

4. A flier cap for use in textile speed frames in which a roving entersinto the top of the flier in an inclined direction, said cap beingadapted to be non-rotatable secured on the top of the flier and having acentral opening whose wall is formed with a plurality of spacedre-entrant corners adapted to grip and to carry along the roving, thetwisting member being rounded at the edges and corners of the opening.

5. A flier cap for use in textile speed frames in which a roving entersinto the top of the flier in an inclined direction, said cap having acentral opening whose Wall is at least partly of a substantially squareshape in such a way that the re-entrant corners of the square-shapedopening are adapted to engage the roving, the twisting member beingrounded at the edges and corners of the opening, and means for centeringthe flier cap on the top of the flier.

6. A flier cap for use in textile speed frames in which a roving entersinto the top of the flier in an inclined direction, said cap having acentral opening whose wall is formed with a plurality of spacedreentrant corners adapted to engage the roving, the flier cap beingrounded at the edges and corners of the opening, and an elastic ringadapted to be engaged over the top of the flier and over an annularportion of the cap for tightly securing the cap on the top of the flier.

7. A twisting device for fliers comprising a flier socket and a twistingmember coaxially secured on the upper end of the flier socket by anadhesive, said coaxial member having a central aperture whose wall is atleast partly of a substantially polygonal shape in such a way that thecorners of the polygonal part of the aperture are adapted to engage aroving, the coaxial member being rounded at the edges and corners ofsaid polygonal wall formation.

8. A flier cap for use in textile speed frames in which a roving entersinto the top of the flier in an inclined direction, said cap having acentral opening whose wall is formed with a plurality of spacedre-entrant corners adapted to engage the'roving, the fliercapbeihgjrounded at the edges and corners of the opening, aridmezinsadapted to engage the lateral faces of the top of the flier forfastening the cap on 'the'flier top. I v

9.' A flier cap for use in textile speed frames in'which a roving entersinto the top of'the flierin 'an inc'lin ed direction, said cap having acentral openingwhose wall is formed with a'plurality of spacedre-entrant corners adapted to engage the roving, the flier cap. beingrounded at the edges and corners of the opening,'and a collar portionhaving a female thread adapted to be threadably engaged with the top ofthe flier.

10. A twisting device for fliers of textile speed frames, comprising acoaxial member arranged 'at the'top of the flier and rotating therewith,said coaxial member having a central aperture whose wall 'isat'leas'l:partly of a substantially polygonal shape in such a way that the cornersof the polygonal part of the aperture are adapted to engage a roving,the coaxial member being rounded at the edges and corners of saidpolygonal wall formations.

11. A twisting device for fliers of textile speed frames, comprising acoaxial member arranged at the top of the flier and rotating therewith,said coaxial member having a central aperture whose wall is at leastpartly of a substantially square shape in such a way that the corners ofthe polygonal part of the aperture are adapted to engage a roving, thecoaxial member being rounded at the edges and corners of said squarewall formation.

12. A twisting device for fliers of textile speed frames, comprising acoaxial member arranged at the top of the flier and rotating therewith,said coaxial member having a central aperture whose wall is at leastpartly of a substantially polygonal shape in such a way that the cornersof the polygonal part of the aperture are adapted to engage a roving,the coaxial member being rounded at the edges and corners of saidpolygonal wall formation in such a way that the radius of curvature ofthe rounded corners is less than one half of the diameter of the roving.

13. A twisting device for fliers in which a roving enters into the topof the flier in an inclined direction, said twisting device comprising atwisting member coaxially arranged at the top of the flier for rotationtherewith and having a central aperture whose wall is funnel-shapedtowards its upper end and formed with a plurality of spaced re-entrantcorners adapted to engage the roving, the twisting member being roundedat the edges and corners of the aperture.

14. A twisting device for fliers of textile speed frames, comprising acoaxial member arranged at the top of the flier and rotating therewith,said coaxial member having a central aperture whose wall is at leastpartly of a substantially polygonal shape with additional roundgrooveshaped recesses in such a way that the corners of the polygonalpart of the aperture are adapted to engage a roving, the coaxial memberbeing rounded at the edges of said polygonal wall formation.

15. A twisting device for fliers of textile speed frames, comprising acoaxial member arranged at the top of the flier and rotating therewith,said coaxial member having a central aperture whose wall is at leastpartly of a substantially polygonal shape with additional roundgrooveshaped recesses in the sides of the polygon in such a way that thecorners of the polygonal part of the aperture are adapted to engage aroving, the coaxial member being rounded at the edges of said polygonalwall formation.

16. A twisting device for fliers of textile speed frames, comprising acoaxial member arranged at the top of the flier and rotating therewith,said coaxial member having a central aperture whose wall is at leastpartly of a substantially polygonal shape with additional roundgrooveshaped downwardly tapered recesses in the sides of the polygon insuch a way that the corners of the polygonal part of the aperture areadapted to engage a roving, the coaxial member being rounded at theedges of said polygonal wall formation.

17. A twisting device for fliers, comprising a coaxial member arrangedat the top of the flier and rotating therewith, said coaxial memberhaving a central aperture whose wall is formed with a plurality ofspaced reentrant corners adapted to engage a roving, the upper part ofsaid central aperture forming a non-cornered circular guiding edgehaving a larger diameter than the cornered part of the aperture andbeing adapted to engage the roving as it enters into the aperture.

18. A twisting device for fliers comprising a member provided with anopening through which a roving passes, at least the upper end of theopening being of a polygonal shape and the member being rounded at theedges and corners of the polygonal shaped bore Whose corners are adaptedto engage the roving.

19. A twisting device for fliers, comprising a tubular part arranged atthe top of the flier and rotating therewith, at least the upper end ofthe opening of said tubular part being of a substantially polygonalshape, the cross section of the polygon in square millimeters notdiffering by more than plus or minus twenty percent from the figureobtained by multiplying the average number of fibers in a roving to betwisted by 0.05, and the corners of the polygonal opening being adaptedto engage the roving.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS340,383 Smith Apr. 20, 1886 1,471,988 Prince-Smith et a1 Oct. 23, 19231,629,365 Prince-Smith et al May 17, 1927 2,310,685 Fraser Feb. 9, 1943

